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The American University in Cairo (AUC) is an independent, English language, liberal arts university located in Cairo, Egypt. The university offers American-styled learning programs at the undergraduate, graduate and professional levels, along with a continuing education program. The AUC student body represents over 100 countries. AUC's faculty members, adjunct teaching staff and visiting lecturers are internationally diverse and include academics, business professionals, diplomats, journalists, writers and others from the United States, Egypt and other countries. In 2014, the QS World University Rankings placed AUC 360th in the world, 3rd in Africa and 1st in Egypt, and named the School of Business as fourth best in Africa and the Middle East, and among the top 200 in the world.〔QS Global 200 Business Schools Report〕 AUC holds institutional accreditation from the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE) and from Egypt's National Authority for Quality Assurance and Assessment of Education (NAQAAE).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Institutional Accreditation )〕 ==History== The American University in Cairo was founded in 1919 by American Mission in Egypt, a Protestant mission sponsored by the United Presbyterian Church of North America, as an English-language university and preparatory school. AUC was intended to be both a preparatory school and a university. The preparatory school opened to 142 students on October 5, 1920 in Khairy Pasha palace, which was built in the 1860s. The first diplomas issued were junior college-level certificates given to 20 students in 1923.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.aucegypt.edu/about/History/Pages/history.aspx )〕 Some Egyptians did not welcome the creation of a Western-based university, whose religious ties made it suspect, as Christian missionaries were not well received. In 1932, a Muslim student reported that he had been kidnapped by members of the AUC faculty with the hope of converting him, but was later released. The Egyptian press utilized this as a chance to lash out at the university. A few months later, a Muslim student failed his course and accused the AUC of using missionary tactics and degrading Islam. This was followed by another round of harsh critiques from local press. These accounts were most likely exaggerated, but locals believed them likely because of factors such as required biblical studies courses. Additionally, there were disputes between university founder Charles A. Watson and United Presbyterian leaders in the United States who sought to return the university to its Christian roots. In 1922, after years of writing that the university should be more faithful to its original missionary-related purposes, minister J.R. Alexander met with Watson, who consequently saw an even bigger divide between his goals and those of the church. Four years later, Watson decided that the university could not afford to maintain its original religious ties and that its best hope was the promotion of good moral and ethical behavior. This decision by Watson allowed the university to grow without the potential religious problems in the future, but at the expense of abandoning its original mission.〔Heather J. Sharkey, ''American Evangelicals in Egypt'', (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008), 154-67〕 At first an institution only for males, the university enrolled its first female student in 1928, the same year in which the first university class graduated, with two BAs and one BSc degrees awarded. In the 1950s, the university changed its name from The American University at Cairo, replacing "at" with "in." The American University in Cairo Press was established in 1960; today, it publishes up to 60 books annually. In 1978, the university established the Desert Development Center to promote sustainable development in Egypt's reclaimed desert areas.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Desert Development Center Leaves a Legacy at AUC )〕 The Desert Development Center's legacy is now being carried forward by the Research Institute for a Sustainable Environment. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「American University in Cairo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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